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Preamplifiers

A preamplifier or preamp is the command center of all hi-fi stereo equipment. This device is responsible for amplifying a (weak) audio signal and transforms it into a signal that is strong and clean enough "with line level" so that the rest of the equipment can work in the best conditions.

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  • Brand: Burson Audio

What is a preamplifier?

A preamplifier is the command center of all hi-fi stereo equipment. This device is responsible for amplifying a (weak) audio signal and transforms it into a signal that is strong and clean enough "with line level" so that the rest of the equipment can work in the best conditions.

Ideal Preamp Features

Today, there are several types of preamplifiers, so choosing the ideal preamplifier will mean choosing the preamplifier that best suits the characteristics of a particular system and best meets the demands of the user who is going to enjoy music.

The main thing is to choose a preamp that has the least effect on the music and always keep in mind that the perfect preamp will sound exactly the same whether you use solid state devices or vacuum tubes. Another type of aspect that must be taken into account when choosing a preamplifier refers to its internal circuit topology, and therefore whether it is balanced or unbalanced. 

It is important to note that the first option is usually more complex and expensive since it uses fully balanced circuits from input to output, which for practical purposes implies doubling the circuitry of a conventional preamplifier as it is necessary to have a path for the non-inverted signal. and another for the inverted signal (which are the components of any balanced signal), with the consequent additional effort that must be made so that there is a total match between the components and subsystems of each one.

Regarding the inputs and outputs, the ideal minimum for a preamplifier would be: two pairs of main outputs (in case you want to connect two power amplifiers to bi-amp the speakers) and inputs for five or six line sources.

Line Preamplifier

The line preamp is the most widely used. Only admits signals with line level. These line level signals are those coming from most audio sources except a turntable.

Phono Preamplifier

The phono preamplifier is used in equipment that has a turntable. This is in charge of amplifying the weak signal from a phono pickup capsule (MM and/or MC) of a turntable and transforms it into a line signal.

A preamplifier or phono stage can be a stand-alone device with its own chassis or be inside a preamplifier or integrated amplifier.

Pre-Preamp

The Pre-preamplifier is a device that is currently practically in disuse.

This device is used in those equipments in which the turntable includes a capsule with a very weak signal output level (in the order of 0.1 mV) and is used to amplify it to an acceptable level.

Types of preamps

When it comes to audio, there are three types of preamplifiers:

Tube preamps.

Solid state preamps.

hybrid preamps

Tube preamps

These devices are characterized by including vacuum tubes in their system that make the preamp have a slow response to impulses, offering a warm sound with a lot of color. Depending on the quality of the tubes, better results will be obtained in the bass frequency, bass and in the voice of the singers.

Solid State Preamps

Also known as transistor preamplifiers, they are the most common and used in the industry. With this type of preamps you can get a cleaner sound with a very low level of noise compared to tube preamps.

Hybrid preamps

Hybrid preamps are the least common, but there is a range that combines both preamp topologies to deliver one, the other, or a combination of both, making it very versatile when choosing a color for your pickup.

Advantages of Preamplifiers

Preamplifiers offer several advantages that improve audio quality and provide greater control over the sound.

Amplification of weak signals: Preamplifiers are designed to amplify weak audio signals, such as those from phono capsules or low output microphones.

Improved audio quality

Improved audio quality: By amplifying the audio signal in a precise and controlled manner, preamplifiers help minimise distortion and unwanted noise that can affect sound quality.

Greater control and sound adjustment

Greater control and sound adjustment: Preamplifiers often offer additional controls to adjust the sound to your preference.

Compatible with different audio devices

Compatible with different audio devices: Preamplifiers can be used with a wide variety of audio devices, such as turntables, CD players, radio tuners, microphones and more. This gives you the flexibility to connect different audio sources to your sound system.

Gain and signal level control: Preamplifiers often have gain controls that allow you to adjust the amplitude of the audio signal. This is useful for tailoring the output signal to the specific characteristics of your amplifiers or speakers, avoiding distortion or loss of detail.

Improved fidelity and frequency response: By providing proper amplification and clean signal processing, preamplifiers contribute to more faithful and accurate sound reproduction.

Frequent questions

What is the difference between a preamplifier and an amplifier?

A preamp amplifies a weak signal, usually coming from a turntable or guitar, and makes it bigger, preparing it for the power amp.

The amplifier makes the signal stronger, increases the power of the signal, to move the speakers enough to get the air moving and making sounds.

Do I need a preamplifier for my audio system?

The need for a preamplifier in your audio system will depend on the components you are using and your specific requirements:

If you are using a turntable, you will most likely need a phono preamplifier. Turntables generate a phono level signal, which is weaker than the standard line level used by other audio devices. A phono preamplifier will amplify the turntable signal and adjust its equalisation for proper playback.

If you have older audio components that do not have a built-in preamp stage, you may need a preamp to amplify and adjust the signal before sending it to your amplifier or receiver.

Even if you don't need a preamplifier to amplify weak signals, you may want to consider one if you want more control over the sound of your audio system. A preamplifier allows you to adjust equalisation, volume and other features to customise the sound to your preferences.

Why use a preamp?

If you have a powerful amplifier and good quality speakers, you may wonder why you need a preamp . In a Hi-Fi system, the preamplifier is a fundamental element, since it will allow us to refine the signal from the audio source, offering us a richer and fuller sound with minimal distortions.

If you have multiple sources, such as a turntable, CD player, or network music player, then yes. The more sources you intend to use, the more benefits a preamp will bring you. It serves as the control center for your audio sources, providing convenient signal routing, optimal performance, and audiophile-grade sound.

How to use an external preamplifier?

Most audio interfaces have preamps that are pretty transparent.

An external preamplifier can offer us a very specific tonal color variant. 

If you have decided to purchase an external preamplifier, to use it, simply connect it to your audio interface as follows:

The first thing is to connect the output of the preamplifier with a balanced or unbalanced cable to the input of the audio interface. Once connected you can add the input of a microphone for example to the preamplifier and start recording.